The Trading Centres of the Arabian Gulf: Magan (Oman) in the Light of Archaeological Excavation and Cuneiform Written Sources of Mesopotamia
al-Marākiz al-Tijārīyah fī al-Khalīj al-ʻArabī: (Magān) ʻUmān
المراكز التجارية في الخليج العربي (مجان) عمان
Abstract
The importance of the Arabian Gulf was reflected from early ages in the commercial ties between the ancient civilizational centres — Dilmun (Bahrain), Magan (Oman) and Meluhha — and the land of Mesopotamia. The position of Mesopotamia was suited to trade, since through it passed the communication routes linking the Mediterranean with the Arabian Gulf and the Arabian Sea. Goods coming from the west towards India, and the reverse, necessarily passed by way of Asia Minor or the Mediterranean through northern Syria and thence to the Arabian Gulf; Mesopotamia likewise lies on the overland communication lines between the north-east and the south-west. This study examines Magan, that is Oman, as a trading centre of the Gulf in the light of archaeological excavation and the cuneiform written sources of Mesopotamia.
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Romanization follows the ALA-LC Arabic table used by the Library of Congress and the British Library. The original Arabic is carried in the parallel MARC 880 fields, linked by subfield $6 — the standard treatment for non-English resources.
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